ADAPTIVE CHANGES IN CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM PARAMETERS IN WOMEN AGED 50-56 YEARS WITH AN EXTREMELY HIGH BODY MASS INDEX DURING SHORT-TERM BREATH-HOLDING EXERCISES
Timofeeva Svetlana Nikolaevna - Associate Professor of the Department of Sports and Physical Education, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Russia, Republic of Crimea, Simferopol, Academician Vernadsky Avenue, 4, tima.svetlana82@yandex.ru
Pogodina Svetlana Vladimirovna - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Sports and Physical Education, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "Crimean Federal University named after V.I. Vernadsky", 295007, Republic of Crimea, Simferopol, Academician Vernadsky Avenue, 4,
Timofeev Vladlen Dmitrievich - student of the 2nd course, training direction 31.05.01 "Therapeutic business", Order of the Red Banner of Labor Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "Crimean Federal University named after V.I. Vernadsky", Russia, 295006, Republic of Crimea, Simferopol, Lenin Boulevard, 5/7,
Modern science and practice have a vast arsenal of tools for combating obesity. Despite this, obesity remains a global epidemiological problem that causes the death of more than four million people each year. The contradiction between existing practices for reducing excess body weight and the steady increase in the proportion of people with extremely high body mass index highlights the need to reevaluate approaches to addressing obesity and develop effective weight loss programs. Adaptation shifts in the indicators of the cardiorespiratory system of women aged 50-56 with an extremely high body mass index were determined when using breathing with short-term delay. Anthropometric, functional measurements, analysis of heart rate variability, assessment of ventilatory function and performance were carried out. Breathing exercises with short-term delay were used for 6 weeks. A favorable dynamics of heart rate variability, integral indicators of functional status, and a decrease in body mass index were established. The results suggest that short-term breath-holding exercises can be recommended for pre-adaptation to weight loss programs for women in menopause. More than 40% of people in the world have excess body weight, most of them being women. The majority of complaints about significant weight gain come from women during menopause. This is due to hormonal changes that are typical for this age group, as well as a decrease in the production of female sex hormones. In turn, the presence of a significant excess of body weight exacerbates the weakening of the regulation of the cardiovascular system (CVS). During menopause, sympathetic influences begin to predominate in the regulation of heart rate, which reduces the efficiency of recovery processes and the level of physical performance.
Key words: women, menopause, extremely high body mass index, short-term breath holding, adaptation, cardiorespiratory system.
