COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF PROMISING COLLECTION SAMPLES OF SWEET PEPPER IN IRRIGATED CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
Shagaipov Magomed Movladievich - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Department of Breeding and Seed Production, Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture, Russia, 366021, Chechen Republic, Grozny, Baysagurovsky district, Lilovaya st., h.1, shagaipov-magomed1962@mail.ru
Shcherbakova Natalya Sergeevna - Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Production of Agricultural Crops, Astrakhan State University named by V.N. Tatishchev, Russia, 414056, Astrakhan, Tatishchev st. , 20a, nsherbakova50@mail.ru
Avdeeva Saule Tlegenovna - graduate student, Astrakhan State University named after V.N. Tatishchev, Russia, 414024, Astrakhan, Tatishchev st., 20a, agrovnedrenie@mail.ru
Puchkov Mikhail Yurievich - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Department of Agricultural Technologies, Educational and Experimental Farm, Astrakhan State University named by V.N. Tatischev, Russia, 414000, Astrakhan, pl. Shaumyan, 1, rosecostroi@mail.ru
Lysakov Maxim A. - Ph. D. (Agriculture), department employee, Astrakhan State University, 20a Tatishcheva Str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation, nature1986@yandex.com
Sweet pepper is one of the most common vegetable crops. Pepper contains biologically active substances, carotene, sugars, vitamins PP, B6, B12, and its main advantage is the content of a large amount of vitamin C. The demand and consumption of pepper fruits is constantly growing. By increasing productivity and variety diversity, it is possible to meet the demand of the population. Therefore, the variety is the most important element of modern agricultural production technologies. Our goal was to evaluate the collection material of sweet pepper according to the complex of economically valuable features as a promising material when creating new varieties for cultivation in the arid zone of southern Russia. The article presents the results of research on the selection of breeding lines of sweet pepper as a promising material for the creation of new varieties. During 2020-2023 years 54 collectible samples of sweet pepper were tested. The experiments were laid at the experimental field of the Astrakhan State University named after V.N. Tatishchev in the village of the Beginning of the Volga region. Agrotechnical measures were carried out according to well-known methods. 37 breeding lines proved to be the best in a number of features. Particular attention was paid to the study of the height of the plant, the shape of the bush, the number of lateral shoots, anthocyanin color of the nodes, the weight of the fruit, the thickness of the pericarp, the number of seed chambers. The content of nitrates and sugars (brix) was also determined. The distinguished lines of sweet pepper are of interest for further breeding work and can be used as genetic sources of valuable traits when creating new varieties in irrigated conditions of the Lower Volga region of Russia.
Key words: sweet pepper, varieties, breeding, breeding lines, plant height, bush shape, anthocyanin color, nitrates
