POLYMORPHISM OF STAMP TOMATO VARIETIES AND THEIR USE IN BREEDING

Katakaev Nail Haysaevich  -  employee, Branch of the FSBI "Rosselkhoztsentr" in the Astrakhan region, Astrakhan, 414051, Astrakhan, st. 5th Boiler Room, 9, rsc30@mail.ru

Tomatoes are the leading vegetable crop in the south of Russia, therefore, the study of the genetics of this plant and the application of the data obtained in breeding work is an important area of scientific research. The purpose of this work was to study the polymorphism of standard tomato varieties for their use in breeding. Varieties of Russian selection were studied: Astrakhan 5/25, Volgogradsky 5/25 (standard), Standard Gigant, Giant Rose, Cleopatra, Seducer, Paradigm, Paradigm 2, Rainbow, Auditor, Torpedo, Unique, Tsarevich, Yuryevsky. It has been established that all studied variety samples are distinguished by limited development of the main shoot (53 ± 3.9 - 102 ± 4.8 cm). The limited development of the main shoot is most pronounced in the Torpeda variety (53 ± 3.9 cm). A group of varieties promising for breeding with a yield above the standard (Torpeda, 85 t/ha; Yuryevsky, 85 t/ha; Astrakhan 5/25, 87 t/ha) with a fruit weight above 80 g (Torpeda, 85 ± 3.0 g) ; Yuryevsky, 103 ± 0.5 g; Astrakhansky 5/25, 119 ± 1.6 g).

Key words: tomato, polymorphism, standard varieties, selection, Astrakhan 5/25, Volgogradsky 5/25 (standard), Standard giant, Giant Rose, Cleopatra, Seducer, Paradigm, Paradigm 2, Rainbow, Auditor, Torpedo, Unique, Tsarevich, Yuryevsky.