FEATURES OF PARAMETERS OF THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF CHILDREN LIVING IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION

Tryasuchev Andrey Valerievich  -  PhD in Biological sciences, assistant professor of the Department of Physiology, Morphology, Genetics and Biomedicine, Astrakhan State University named by V.N. Tatischev, Russia, 414000, Astrakhan, Shaumyan Sq.,1, tryandval@mail.ru

Kuryanova Evgenia Vladimirovna  -  Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Fundamental Biology, Astrakhan State University named by V.N. Tatischev, Russia, 414000, Astrakhan, Shaumyan Sq.,1, teplyconf@yandex.ru

Sergienko Angelina V.  -  student , Astrakhan State University name of V.N. Tatishchev, Russia, 414000, Astrakhan, Shaumyana Sq., 1 , sergienko_2007@mail.ru

The heart rate (HR, range of variation ?Х, and exertion index (EI)) and external respiration (respiratory rate (RR), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), and vital capacity (VC)) parameters were analyzed in 41 boys and 43 girls aged 12-13 years living in the Astrakhan region. The analysis aimed to identify their characteristics at rest and during physical activity on a bicycle ergometer, considering gender differences and place of residence (urban and rural environment). Cardiorespiratory parameters generally correspond to normal in healthy boys and girls. However, a tendency is observed indicating higher functional capabilities of heart rate and respiratory system regulation in children from rural areas; this tendency is more characteristic of boys than girls. Urban children demonstrate slightly higher tension of sympathetic mechanisms of heart rate regulation at rest and, especially, during physical activity. Consequently, children developing in rural areas are potentially more able to respond to stress and adapt to new conditions, especially physical activity.

Key words: cardiorespiratory system, heart rate, respiratory rate, heart rate variability analysis, spirometry, functional test with physical activity, urban and rural areas of the Astrakhan region, children aged 10-13 years, gender differences.