ENDEMIC SPECIES OF FLORA OF THE EASTERN KOPETDAG

Ashyrova Enegul Orazmuhammedovna  -  senior lecturer, department of botany, Turkmen State University named after Mahtumkuli, Turkmenistan, 744000, Ashgabat, S.Turkmenbashi Avenue, 31, aashyrowabio@gmail.com

Until now, in Central Asia, in particular in Turkmenistan, one of the very poorly examined areas in florality is Eastern Kopetdag. The article discusses the data of studies of the flora of Eastern Kopetdag (on the territory of Turkmenistan). Most of Eastern Kopetdag is located on the territory of Iran, it has ledges within Turkmenistan. The article discusses the data of studies of the flora of Eastern Kopetdag. On the territory of Turkmenistan the Eastern Kopetdag consists of the lower belt the mountains and the foothills. As a result of the research, the taxonomic composition of the flora of the Eastern Kopetdag (1063 species, 471 genera, 86 families) was established. The biomorphological analysis of flora showed that grassy (923 species) prevail in this region, but there are also trees, shrubs and semishrubs. There are 72 endemic species in the studied area, of which 25 species are found in Eastern Kopetdag on the territory of Iran and Turkmenistan and 47 species- only in Turkmanistan (of which 7 species are narrowly local endemics). The presence of endemic, rare and endangered species of the Eastern Kopetdag involves the study of their spread according to Kopetdag – Horasana, as well as the identification of limiting factors.

Key words: endemic, rare species, flora, mountains, foothills.