THE PRODUCTION OF DOUBLED HAPLOIDS OF VEGETABLE CROPS: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

Alexandrova Anastasia Alekseevna  -  postgraduate student, junior research fellow, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russian Federation, 127434, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya St., 49, a.alexandrova@rgau-msha.ru

Monakhos Sokrat Grigorievich  -  Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Botany, Breeding and Seed Production of Garden Plants, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazeva, Russian Federation, 127555, Moscow, Pryanishnikova st., 6, educational building No. 17, s.monakhos@rgau-msha.ru

The incorporation of modern biotechnological techniques into the breeding process allows for a significant reduction in the time required to obtain the F1 hybrid. The culture of isolated microspores is considered to be more effective in obtaining doubled haploids, however not all cultures respond well to it. The culture of isolated microspores is more commonly used in obtaining doubled haploids in cabbage crops. For cucumber, zucchini, and beet, it is more relevant to obtain haploids in the culture of isolated ovules. Despite the fact that DH-technology has been under research for almost 100 years, many researchers still face low responsiveness in some genotypes and are working on protocol modifications. The article provides an overview of the main directions in research to increase the frequency of embryogenesis in cabbage, beet, and pumpkin crops.

Key words: DH-technology, androgenesis, gynogenesis, doubled haploids, microspore culture.