HISTORY OF STUDYING THE FODDER LANDS OF THE NORTHWESTERN CASPIAN LAND
Ishakaeva Makhabbat Kalenovna - postgraduate student, Astrakhan State University, 414000, Astrakhan, Shaumyan sq., 1, mahabbat.ishakaeva@yandex.ru
Shlyakhov Viktor А. - D. Sc. (Agriculture), Head, the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhozsentr" in the Astrakhan region, 9, 5-ya Kotelnaya Str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation ,
The study of the vegetation cover of the Northern Caspian region has a long history. The Caspian Sea region serves as a geographic standard for the arid belt of the Russian Federation. It covers all climatic zones included by UNEP in arid territories. It includes steppe (about 5.5 million hectares), dry-steppe (13.7 million hectares), semi-desert (6.4 million hectares), desert (5.7 million hectares). Within this zone lie the lands of the Astrakhan, Volgograd, Saratov regions, 6 districts of the Rostov region, 7 districts of the Stavropol Territory, the Republic of Kalmykia, Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia. The history of the study of vegetation in the Caspian lowland of the region can be divided into several periods: research in the 18th - 19th centuries, the first and second half of the 20th century (botanical and geographical research), the first quarter of the 21st century (modern geobotanical studies). The problem of restoration of natural phytocenoses on the territory of the Northern Caspian Sea is currently given considerable attention. However, today, due to the developing ecological and economic situations, the issues of restoration and increasing the productivity of degraded landscapes do not lose their relevance. The adapted species and ecotypes of plants of natural and technogenic territories of the Northern Caspian Sea were revealed and introduced into the composition of phytocenoses. The practical significance of the work and the implementation of the results obtained. The validity of the scientific provisions, conclusions, recommendations and proposals of the dissertation work is confirmed by their long-term use in the region.
Key words: research, natural phytocenoses, the Northern Caspian Sea region, increasing the productivity of the forage base, the Caspian lowland
